Berlin Scientist Wins 2026 Nobel Prize in Medicine
05.10.2026 ‒ Berlin biophysicist Prof. Peter Hegemann of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin has been awarded the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with Georg Nagel of the University of Würzburg and Karl Deisseroth of Stanford University. The Nobel Assembly honoured the three scientists “for their discovery of a molecular switch for nerve cells”.
Hegemann and Nagel discovered channelrhodopsin, a light-sensitive protein in a single-celled alga. Deisseroth later introduced it into nerve cells, creating a tool that allows selected neurons to be switched on or off with light. This method, known as optogenetics, has transformed neuroscience: it enables researchers to study how specific neural circuits shape memory, emotions and behaviour. It is also being explored for clinical use, including approaches to restoring vision.
Hegemann is Professor of Experimental Biophysics at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, where his current research includes developing new channelrhodopsins for neuronal applications.